Abstract:More than 2 600 moss specimens were collected from SinoVietnam border area (Yunnan & Guangxi, China) during 2012 to 2015. Through the specimen identification and literature research, we analyzed the species composition and floristic characteristics of SinoVietnam Border Area (Yunnan & Guangxi, China), comparisons of moss DGl and similarity index of genera & species along with floristic spectrum and the cluster analysis of SinoVietnam Border Area (Yunnan & Guangxi, China) with adjacent provinces and countries were made. Results are as follows: (1) the moss flora of SinoVietnam Border Area (Yunnan & Guangxi, China) consist of 452 species (including infraspecific taxa), belonging to 155 genera of 51 families. Taxithelium kerianum (Broth.) Broth. was reported new to China. (2) There are nine dominant families and 12 dominant genera in SinoVietnam Border Area (Yunnan & Guangxi, China). (3) The moss flora of SinoVietnam Border Area (Yunnan & Guangxi, China) is dominated by tropical Asia element, which accounts for 31.19% of the entire species. East Asia element (25.46%) and North Temperate element (13.76%) ranked second and third, respectively. (4)Vietnam has the highest similarity index of genera with SinoVietnam Border Area (Yunnan & Guangxi, China), whereas Guizhou(China) gets the highest similarity index of species within the studied area. (5) The moss flora of SinoVietnam Border Area (Yunnan & Guangxi, China) is more closely related to Guizhou, Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan.