梨果柄特征及其与果实主要经济性状的相关性分析
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山东省重点研发项目(2017CXGC0209);


Analysis of Pedicel Characteristics and Its Correlation with Main Economic Characters of Pear (Pyrus spp.)
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    摘要:

    为了解梨果柄生长发育对果实品质的影响,该试验以11个梨品种为材料,对果实主要经济性状、可溶性糖、矿质养分等进行了测定分析,并对果柄显微组织结构进行了解剖观察。结果显示:(1)梨不同品种间果柄形态及显微结构存在明显差异,大果型品种果柄内有10个维管束,中果型品种有9个维管束,小果型品种有5个维管束。(2)大果型砂梨品种中,果柄横截面维管束占比越高,单果重越大。(3)梨果柄粗度与果实大小之间存在显著相关关系,且相关性大小表现为白梨大于砂梨。(4)同一梨品种的中果柄和粗果柄果实的可溶性总糖含量显著高于细果柄果实。(5)果柄粗度影响果实果肉矿质养分含量,‘秋月’的中果柄和粗果柄果实的Ca和B含量显著优于细果柄果实,且中果柄果实的含量最高。研究表明,梨不同品种的果柄形态结构不同,且果柄发育状况影响果实生长发育,尤其果柄粗度是限制果实大小和影响果实品质的重要因素之一;同一梨品种的中果柄果实品质优于粗果柄和细果柄果实。

    Abstract:

    In order to understand the effect of the pedicel development on the fruits quality of pear, we used 11 pear cultivars in this experiment. The main economic characters, soluble sugar, and mineral nutrients content of fruits were measured and analyzed. The pedicels were dissected and observed their tissue structures. The results showed that: (1) there were significant differences in morphology and microstructure of pedicels among different pear cultivars, with 10 vascular bundles in the pedicels in bigfruit cultivars, 9 vascular bundles in middlefruit cultivars and 5 vascular bundles in smallfruit cultivars. (2) In large P. pyrifolia system, the higher proportion of vascular bundle in the pedicel, the heavier the per fruit weight. (3) There was a very significantly positive correlation between pedicel diameter and fruit size in different pear cultivars, and the correlation was P. bretschneideri higher than P. pyrifolia. (4) The total soluble sugar content of fruit in the same cultivar was middle pedicel and thick pedicel significantly better than thin pedicel. (5) Ca and B contents of middle pedicel and thick pedicel fruit of ‘Akituki’ were significantly better than that of thin pedicel fruit. The results indicated that the structure of pedicels were different in different pear cultivars, and the development of pedicels were correlated with fruit quality. In particular, the pedicel diameter was one of the important factors that were limiting the fruit size and affecting the fruit quality. The fruit quality of middle pedicel in the same cultivar was better than that of thick pedicel and thin pedicel fruit.

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孙昊琪,王南南,柳伟杰,等.梨果柄特征及其与果实主要经济性状的相关性分析[J].西北植物学报,2019,39(8):1416-1424

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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-09-19
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