15种独蒜兰属植物叶表皮微形态及分类学意义研究
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福建农林大学

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(2019J01410)。


Leaf Epidermal Micro-morphology and Taxonomic Significance of 15 Species of Pleione
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    摘要:

    为解决兰科(Orchidaceae)独蒜兰属(Pleione D. Don)植物分类学问题并探索叶片超微结构在分类学中的意义,本研究利用扫描电子显微镜,对独蒜兰属15种植物成熟叶片的细胞界限、角质层纹理、气孔器分布等15个叶表皮超微特征进行观测分析以明确它们的分类学意义。(1)细胞界限、表皮细胞蜡质量、角质层纹理、气孔器分布、气孔器周围蜡质、气孔器外拱盖内缘、角化现象、气孔器相对高度、表皮细胞长度、表皮细胞面积、保卫细胞长度和保卫细胞面积这9个指标对于该属分类具有重要价值和意义。利用上述特征对春花独蒜兰组(S. Humiles)、独蒜兰组(S. Pleione)和独蒜兰复合体(P. bulbocodioides complex)的组内区分进一步细化。(2)金华独蒜兰(P. jinhuana)气孔器周围有大量块状蜡质,秋花独蒜兰(P. maculate)气孔器周围有大量痂状蜡质,岩生独蒜兰(P. saxicola)气孔器周围有大量颗粒状蜡质,这是15种独蒜兰属植物中特殊的现象。(3)上、下表皮均有气孔器是较原始的性状,独蒜兰属植物上表皮气孔器在逐渐退化。(4)表皮细胞更小,气孔器更小,更能适应环境。(5)台湾独蒜兰(P. formosana)气孔器下陷,更适应干旱环境。(6)大理独蒜兰(P. × taliensis)可能是云南独蒜兰(P. yunnanensis)与黄花独蒜兰(P. forrestii)的天然杂交种。(7)二叶独蒜兰(P. scopulorum)可能是最原始的种,岩生独蒜兰(P. saxicola)可能是较原始的种。(8)聚类分析将15种独蒜兰属植物聚类为4个分支,与传统分类学和分子系统学结果基本一致。(9)根据结果推测这四个分支中,分支IV最原始,分支III较原始。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the taxonomic problems of Orchidaceae Pleione and explore the significance of leaf ultrastructure in taxonomy, this study uses scanning electron microscopy to mature 15 species of Pleione 15 leaf epidermal ultra-features such as cell boundaries, cuticle and stomatal apparatus’ restrict and et al, to determine their taxonomic significance. (1) Cell boundaries, epidermal cell wax quality, stratum corneum texture, stomatal distribution, wax around the stomatal, inner edge of the outer arch of the stomatal, keratinization, relative height of the stomatal, epidermal cell length, epidermal cell area and guard cell length the nine indicators of guard cell area are of great value and significance for the classification of this genus. (2) The above characteristics are used to further refine the intra-group differentiation of S. Humiles and S. Pleione and P. bulbocodioides complex. (3) P. jinhuanaT has lots of blocky wax around the stomata, P. maculate has lots of scab wax around the stomata, and P. saxicola has lots of granular wax around the stomata, these are special phenomena in Pleione. (4) Both upper and lower epidermis have stoma, which is more primitive, and the epidermal stomata of the genus Pleione are gradually degrading. (5) The epidermal cell is smaller, the stoma is smaller, and it is more adaptable to the environment. (6) The stomatal apparatus of P. formosana was more sagging, so it more adaptable to drought conditions. (7) P. scopulorum is probably the most primitive species and P. saxicola may be a more primitive species in 15 species of Pleione. (8) The cluster analysis clustered 15 species of Pleione into four branches, which is basically consistent with the results of traditional taxonomy and molecular systematics. (9) Based on the results, it is speculated that branch IV is the most primitive and branch III is the more primitive.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-31
  • 最后修改日期:2020-06-27
  • 录用日期:2020-06-04
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