[Objective]The dry rot disease of huangguo pear caused by Fusarium infestation seriously affects the yield and quality of huangguo pear and hinders the development of its industry. Analyze the expression of key genes in the process of huangguo pear response to dry rot pathogen infection, to provide theoretical basis for revealing its pathogenesis. [Methods] In this study, lllumina RNA-seq technique was used to sequence the transcriptome of Huangguo pear by inoculating stem with pathogenic as the disease group (HG) and blank PDA medium as the control group (HK). [Results](1) A total of 34.62 Gb of valid data was obtained for the six samples, and screened to 1,137 DEGs. among?which?548?were?up-regulated?and?589?were?down-regulated.(2) KEGG was significantly enriched to pathways such as plant pathogen interactions, starch and sucrose metabolism, photosynthesis-antenna proteins, and phenylalanine biosynthesis.(3) RT-qPCR expression levels of 10 DEGs were detected, and the trend of RT-qPCR and RNA-seq gene relativ