叶面预喷施水杨酸缓解西瓜幼苗高温胁迫的生理效应
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天津农学院

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国家自然科学基金(61971312)?? 国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410061038)


Physiological effects on foliar pre spray of salicylic acid to alleviate high temperature stress in Citrullus lanatus seedlings
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    摘要:

    【目的】本研究旨在探讨不同浓度水杨酸(SA)对西瓜幼苗高温胁迫伤害的缓解效应及其生理机制,为SA在西瓜栽培和生产中合理应用提供理论基础。【方法】以温室内盆栽‘K53’西瓜幼苗为试验材料,在叶面喷施不同浓度(0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mmol/L)SA后,昼夜42℃胁迫36 h,观测西瓜幼苗生长特性、解剖结构及生理生化指标,并用隶属函数法综合评价各处理的缓解效应。【结果】在高温胁迫后,西瓜幼苗叶片萎蔫严重,根长生长受到抑制,叶片变薄、叶肉细胞结构受损。施加SA后叶片变厚,光合色素含量、光合气体交换参数、抗氧化酶(POD、SOD、CAT)活性及渗透调节物质(脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白)含量显著升高,MDA含量和相对电导率显著下降;与高温胁迫处理组相比,1.0 mmol/L SA处理下叶片MDA含量显著降低33.70%,相对电导率显著降低58.58%,叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量分别显著升高22.71%和21.63%,净光合速率显著升高98.34%,SOD和CAT活性分别显著升高23.98%和19.71%。【结论】叶面预喷施不同浓度的SA均能缓解西瓜幼苗高温胁迫伤害,并以1.0 mmol/L SA处理效果最佳。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The purpose of this study was to investigate the mitigation effect and physiological mechanism of different concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) on high temperature stress injury of watermelon seedlings, and to provide a theoretical basis for the rational application of SA in watermelon cultivation and production. [Methods] Potted ‘K53’ watermelon seedlings in greenhouse were used as experimental materials. After spraying different concentrations (0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0 mmol/L) of SA on the leaves, the seedlings were stressed at 42°C for 36 h day and night. The growth characteristics, anatomical structure, physiological and biochemical indexes of watermelon seedlings were observed, and the mitigation effects of each treatment were comprehensively evaluated by membership function method. [Results] After high temperature stress, the leaves of watermelon seedlings wilted seriously, the growth of root length was inhibited, the leaves became thinner, and the mesophyll cell structure was damaged. After SA application, the leaves became thicker, photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, antioxidant enzyme (POD, SOD, CAT) activity and osmotic adjustment substances (proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein) content increased significantly, MDA content and relative conductivity decreased significantly. Compared with the high temperature stress treatment group, the MDA content of leaves under 1.0 mmol/L SA treatment was significantly reduced by 33.70%, the relative conductivity was significantly reduced by 58.58%, the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were significantly increased by 22.71% and 21.63%, respectively. The net photosynthetic rate was significantly increased by 98.34 %, and the activities of SOD and CAT were significantly increased by 23.98% and 19.71%, respectively. [Conclusion] Pre-spraying different concentrations of SA could alleviate the damage of watermelon seedlings under high temperature stress, and 1.0 mmol/L SA treatment had the best effect.

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石文昕,李爱,张卫华,等.叶面预喷施水杨酸缓解西瓜幼苗高温胁迫的生理效应[J].西北植物学报,2024,44(11):1692-1702

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-25
  • 最后修改日期:2024-09-18
  • 录用日期:2024-10-08
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-10-25
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