[Objective] The effects of different concentrations of 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA) on leaf stomatal characteristics, dry matter distribution and yield of potato were investigated to provide a basis for the effective use of exogenous hormones to promote potato production. [Methods] The potted potato variety ‘Favorita’ in an artificial climate chamber was used as materials, and 0(CK), 15, 25, 35 mg/L 6-BA foliar spraying treatments were set up, respectively. Leaf stomatal characteristics, plant growth and physiological indexes were observed at different growth stages. After harvest, dry matter distribution and yield formation factors were analyzed. [Results] Compared with CK, the indexes of potato were improved and improved under 15 mg/L 6-BA treatment, but decreased and inhibited under other concentration treatment. Under 15 mg/L 6-BA treatment, the stomatal density of adaxial and abaxial surfaces of leaves increased significantly by 27.36% and 3.24%, respectively, compared with CK. The relative water content and transpiration rate of leaves increased by 6.32% and 2.75%, respectively. 15 mg/L 6-BA treatment could effectively increase the distribution proportion of dry matter in tubers, yield per plant, number of tubers per plant and the fresh weight of tubers by 9.33%, 40.49%, 20.09% and 17.31%, respectively, compared with the control. The stomatal density of adaxial and abaxial surfaces of leaves was significantly positively correlated with the number of tubers per plant (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Favorable concentration of exogenous 6-BA treatment could significantly increase the stomatal density of potato leaves, the proportion of dry matter in tubers and tuber yield, and the optimal concentration was 15 mg/L.