Karyological study of 8 wild populations of Lilium sargentiae Wilson from Yunnan Province was carried out by traditional squashing and pressing method.The results were the following:(1)the base number of chromosome in L.sargentiae was 12 (x=12).All of the 8 wild populations were diploid (2n=2x=24) and without B chromosome;(2)karyotypes of 8 wild populations of L.sargentiae were ‘3A’,Their first and second pairs of chromosomes were either large median chromosomes (m) or large submedian chromosomes (sm).All the first pairs of chromosomes of the 8 populations had satellite chromosomes;(3)chromosome length ratio were from 1.64 to 2.26,the mean arm ratio ranged from 6.43 to 8.22,and the karyotype asymmetry coefficient (As.K.%) of the 8 populations were from 79.82% to 81.77%.The above results indicated that the chromosome number of L.sargentiae was stable,and the chromosome variation among populations was generally coming from structure variation.The 8 populations had obvious differences 〖JP2〗in the composition of chromosomes,the number and distribution of satellite,chromosomes arm ratio,chromosome length ratio and As.K.%.There were obvious karyological variations among populations of L.sargentiae.