MYB transcription factors are one of the largest family of transcription factors in plants, widely involved in plant growth and development, adversity stress, and accumulation of secondary metabolite. Through homology comparison and functional annotation, we screened MYB transcripts in the R. glutinosa transcriptome, and desigend specific primers to amplify MYB gene. Four elicitors including salicylic acid (SA), Ag⁺, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and putrescine (Put) were further treated on the hairy roots of R. glutinosa, and the expression pattern of the candidate MYB gene were detected by quantitative realtime PCR (qRTPCR). The results showed that: (1) a MYB gene of R. glutinosa was successfully cloned, named RgMYB10. It encodes 247 amino acid residues, the relative molecular mass of the protein was 28.48 kD, and the isoelectric point PI was 5.14, belongs to the R2R3MYB transcription factor. (2) QRTPCR results showed that the expression levels of RgMYB10 was the highest in adventitious roots, followed by stems, and the lowest expression in tuberous roots. (3) The RgMYB10 in hairy roots after MeJA treatment was significantly upregulated, which was a gene specifically responding to MeJA induction. Therefore, we speculate that RgMYB10 gene may be a key transcription factor involved in the biosynthesis of R. glutinosa acteoside in response to MeJA. The results indicate that RgMYB10 may be involved in biosynthesis of R. glutinosa acteoside, which lays the foundation for further research on the function of RgMYB10 in acteoside biosynthesis.