干旱胁迫对多花黄精叶片光合特性的影响
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欧洲投资银行贷款项目(OT-S-KTA2);湖南省林业科技创新资金(XLKY202208)


Effects of Drought Stress on the Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Polygonatum cyrtonema
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    摘要:

    以3年生多花黄精实生苗为材料,通过盆栽控水方式设置对照(80%土壤含水量)、轻度干旱(65%土壤含水量)、中度干旱(50%土壤含水量)和重度干旱(35%土壤含水量)4个处理,研究干旱胁迫对多花黄精叶片光合特性的影响,探讨多花黄精光合特性对干旱胁迫的响应规律。结果表明:(1)随着干旱胁迫程度的加深,多花黄精叶片叶绿素(a+b)含量、叶绿素b含量均呈先升高后下降的变化趋势,叶绿素a含量却逐渐下降,叶绿素a/b值和类胡萝卜素含量则呈“升高-下降-升高”的变化趋势。(2)多花黄精叶片净光合速率日变化在正常和轻度干旱胁迫条件下呈“单峰”曲线,而在中度和重度干旱胁迫条件下则表现为“双峰”曲线,且其“光合午休”现象的主要影响因素为非气孔限制。(3)随着干旱胁迫程度的加深,多花黄精叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、光能利用效率日均值均随之下降,但其水分利用效率日均值却随之上升。(4)随着干旱胁迫程度的加深,多花黄精的光补偿点先降低再急剧增加,而光饱和点则呈先增加再降低的变化趋势,且其表观量子效率逐渐降低;同时,其CO2补偿点和CO2饱和点均随着干旱胁迫程度的加深而呈现“升-降-升”的变化趋势,而其羧化速率却逐渐降低,且它们均在重度干旱胁迫下与其余处理差异显著。(5)重度干旱胁迫条件下,多花黄精叶片初始荧光(Fo)、最大荧光产量(Fm)、PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)和PSⅡ最大光学量子产量(Fv/Fm)均显著低于其他处理。研究发现,多花黄精对轻度干旱胁迫具有一定的适应性,中度干旱胁迫可能是干旱对多花黄精产生伤害的转折点,而重度干旱胁迫则将严重抑制多花黄精的光合能力。

    Abstract:

    Using pot experiment for 4 water-controlled treatments: control (80% soil water content), mild drought (65% soil water content), moderate drought (50% soil water content) and severe drought (35% soil water content), we explored the response of drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. with 3-year-old seedlings. The results showed as following: (1) with the deepening of drought stress, the contents of chlorophyll (a+b) and chlorophyll b in the leaves showed a trend of increase first and then decrease, while the content of chlorophyll a decreased gradually. However, the chlorophyll a/b and carotenoids content showed an trend of “up-down-up”. (2) The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) showed a “single-peak” curve under control and mild drought stress conditions, while under moderate and severe drought stress conditions, the diurnal variation of Pn showed a “double-peak” curve, and the main influencing factor of the “photosynthetic midday depression” phenomenon was non-stomatal limitation.(3) With the deepening of drought stress, the average daily net photosynthetic rate, average daily transpiration rate, average daily stomatal conductance and average daily light use efficiency were decreased, while the average water use efficiency was increased. (4) With the deepening of drought stress, the light compensation point decreased first and then increased sharply, while the light saturation point increased first and then decreased, and its apparent quantum efficiency was gradually decreased. Meanwhile, the CO2compensation point and CO2 saturation point both showed an trend of “increase-decrease-increase”, while their carboxylation rates gradually decreased, and they all were significantly different from the rest of the treatments under severe drought stress. (5) Under severe drought stress, the initial fluorescence (Fo), maximum fluorescence (Fm), potential activity of PSⅡ (Fv/Fo) and maximum photosynthetic efficiency of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm) were significantly lower than those of other treatments. It was found that P. cyrtonema has certain adaptability to mild drought stress, while the moderate drought stress may be the turning point of drought damage. However, the severe drought stress would seriously inhibit the photosynthetic capacity.

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曹镥镔,曹基武,刘 佳,等.干旱胁迫对多花黄精叶片光合特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2023,43(4):638-647

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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-05-15
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