K、V、T型小麦细胞质雄性不育系叶绿体DNA的SSR分析及RuBP羧化酶活性比较
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国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0101602);


Comparison of Chloroplast DNA and RuBP Carboxylase (rubisco) Activity with K, V, Ttype Cytoplasmic Malesterile Wheat Lines
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    摘要:

    为了探讨小麦细胞质雄性不育(CMS)与叶绿体DNA(cpDNA)的关系,揭示CMS机理。以2套K、V、T型同核异质不育系(A)及其保持系(B)‘太911289’和‘冀5418’、育性恢复的F1和各自的质供体粘果山羊草(Aegilops kotschyi)、偏凸山羊草(Aegilops ventricosa)、提莫菲维小麦(Triticum timopheevii)为试验材料,利用cpSSR引物对小麦cpDNA进行比较分析,筛选出代表不同胞质不育系的引物,探讨CMS与叶绿体的关系;同时测定由叶绿体DNA与核DNA共同编码的RuBP羧化酶的活性,为小麦K、V、T雄性不育类型的应用提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)K型、V型、T型不育系与保持系的cpDNA之间均呈现多态性,且不同的细胞质之间存在特异片段,这从DNA水平上提供了3类不育系胞质来源不同的证据,并分别找到5对和7对可以鉴定V型和T型不育系的特异引物。(2)除K型‘冀5418’与其胞质供体的cpDNA出现差异外,不育系与其胞质供体的cpDNA没有差异,而且不育系与其育性恢复的F1代cpSSR扩增片段之间也没有差异,很好地遗传了其母本性状。(3)在起身期和开花期,不仅2套不育系的RuBP羧化酶活性显著高于保持系,且在不育系与恢复系杂交的F1中,随着育性的恢复其RuBP羧化酶活性高于保持系而低于各自不育系;而在拔节期的不育系与保持系之间、不育系之间、以及F1代与不育系和保持系之间的RuBP酶活性大小没有显著差异。这可能与拔节期主要是营养生长有关系。

    Abstract:

    Cytoplasmic malesterile (CMS) lines, especially K (Aegilops kotchyi), V (Aegilops ventricosa), and T (Triticum timopheevii) types of cytoplasm, are of high value in heterosis utilization in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The aim of this study was to discuss the relationship between CMS and chloroplast and to reveal the mechanism of CMS by investigating chloroplast DNA and RuBP carboxylase (rubisco) activity in CMS malesterile lines. The experiment was conducted with cultivars of the K, V, Ttype CMS lines, the common maintainer ‘Tai 911289’ and ‘Ji 5418’, the F1 hybrids and the cytoplasmic donors under field conditions. The major results are as follows: (1) the polymorphism between male sterile lines and maintainer lines in cpDNA, and specific fragment in the different cytoplasm type male sterile lines provides evidence of three types of cytoplasm male sterile lines from different sources, and found 5 specific primers and 7 specific primers respectively to identify V and T type sterile lines. (2) There is no difference in cpDNA between the male sterile lines and their cytoplasm donors, except K‘ji5418’, and because of its nature of maternal inheritance also showed no polymorphism in cpSSR amplified fragment between the male sterile lines and its fertility restoration in the F1 generation. (3) RuBP carboxylase activity of two sets of male sterile lines was significantly higher than that of maintainer lines. In the F1 generation, with the recovery of fertility restorer, its RuBP carboxylase activity is higher than that of maintainer lines, but lower than the respective male sterile lines in standing and flowering period. However, there is no difference between them in jointing stage.

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袁 凯,张 婷,史晓芳,等. K、V、T型小麦细胞质雄性不育系叶绿体DNA的SSR分析及RuBP羧化酶活性比较[J].西北植物学报,2019,39(3):472-479

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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-04-17
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