睡莲属植物花粉形态研究
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1.江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所;2.南京农业大学;3.江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所

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国家自然科学基金(31701948);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金(CX(21)2031);镇江市重点研发计划——现代农业(NY2021016)


Studies on Pollen Morphology of Nymphaea
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National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701948); The Fund of Independent Innovation of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Province of China(CX(21)2031);Primary research & developmental plan of modern agriculture in Zhenjiang(NY2021016)

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    摘要:

    睡莲花粉的形态研究结果可为睡莲属植物的系统进化提供证据,同时可为睡莲杂交育种亲本的选择提供依据。本研究利用扫描电镜对18种或品种睡莲属植物的花粉进行形态观察,并对花粉形态特征进行测量和分析,同时利用离体萌发法对睡莲品种‘彼得’的花粉活力进行测定。结果表明:18种或品种睡莲属植物的花粉均为单粒花粉,形态均为近球体或扁球体,其中巨花睡莲花粉粒最大,埃及白花粉粒最小,花粉外壁纹饰类型繁多,包括网纹状、小颗粒状等;根据聚类分析可将18种或品种睡莲属植物分为四个类群,其中Nymphaea亚属与Brachyceras亚属间亲缘关系最近;‘彼得’的花粉离体萌发率高达95%以上。睡莲属植物的花粉形态特征,特别是花粉萌发沟类型、外壁纹饰等特征可为睡莲属植物种间分类、亚属间以及种间亲缘关系、系统进化规律提供关键的证据。

    Abstract:

    The results of pollen morphology of water lily could provide evidence for the phylogenetic evolution of Nymphaea and the selection of parents for hybrid breeding. In this study, the pollen morphology of 18 species or variety in Nymphaea were observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the morphological characteristics of pollen were measured and analyzed. At the same time, the pollen viability of the N. ‘Peter Slocum’ was measured by in vitro germination method. The results showed that the pollen of 18 species or variety in Nymphaea were all single grains, and the morphology was nearly spheroid or oblate spheroid. Among them, the pollen grains of N. gigantea were the largest, and the pollen grains of N. lotus were the smallest. According to the cluster analysis, the 18 species or variety of Nymphaea were divided into four subgenera, among which the Nymphaea and Brachyceras were most closely related. The pollen germination rate of N. ‘Peter Slocum’ is more than 95%. The pollen morphological characteristics of Nymphaea, especially the pollen germination furrow type and the outer wall decoration, can provide key evidence for the classification of species, the relationship between subgenera and species, and the phylogenetic law of Nymphaea.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-10-18
  • 最后修改日期:2023-05-22
  • 录用日期:2023-02-23
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