Plant anthocyanin is a kind of natural edible pigment,has many advantages:safety,no pollution,outstanding stability;it showed noticeable antioxidant ability,which can prevent cancer and protect the function of the liver,prevention and protection of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and other important nutritional and pharmacological function.Therefore,anthocyanin has important research value and potential applications in food,medicine and health care,horticulture and crop improvement.Here we review recent progresses in biological functions and mechanisms of structural genes and regulator genes in anthocyanin biosynthesis and metabolic pathway,including the anthocyanin biosynthetic,metabolic and accumulative process in plant.Prospective of application prospect and development tendency accumulative processon the anthocyanins genes are elucidated in the end.